Large arrays of intersecting nanowires called crossbars are developed for silicon based circuits. A crossbar consist of one set of parallel nanowires that cross over a second set. Its array like composition provides clear ways to instill defect tolerance in circuits. The structure can be built using a wide range of substances and processes, which provides tremendous flexibility in adapting existing designs to materials. The resulting interior junctions form a switch at each intersection between crossing wires that can hold its 'on' or 'off' status over time.