Timescale analysis of aerosol sensitivity during homogeneous freezing and implications for upper tropospheric water vapor budgets

被引:38
作者
Kay, Jennifer E. [1 ]
Wood, Robert [2 ]
机构
[1] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA
[2] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1029/2007GL032628
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
Using timescales for the generation and depletion of water vapor, we predict aerosol sensitivity in clouds formed by homogeneous freezing. Our timescale analysis explains why aerosol sensitivity increases dramatically with ice deposition coefficients (alpha(i)) << 0.1, and also why aerosol sensitivity increases as vertical velocity increases, temperature decreases, aerosol number decreases, and aerosol size decreases. We combine existing in-situ observations with adiabatic parcel modeling to constrain alpha(i) >= 0.1 for small ice crystals forming at high ice supersaturations. Two important implications for understanding and modeling upper tropospheric water vapor budgets emerge from our results: 1) aerosol sensitivity can be appreciable at low temperatures and moderate updrafts (similar to 5 cm/s) in the upper tropical troposphere, 2) reconciling our results with recent laboratory measurements supports theory that alpha(i) increases with ice supersaturation and/or decreases with ice crystal size.
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页数:5
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