Chloroplast structure: from chlorophyll granules to supra-molecular architecture of thylakoid membranes

被引:124
作者
Staehelin, LA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
关键词
ATP synthase; Daniel Branton; chloroplast; cytochrome b(6)f; etioplast; grana; Brian Gunning; lateral heterogeneity; Werner Menke; Hugo von Mohl; molecular organization; Photosystem I; Photosystem II; prolamellar body; proplastid; David Simpson; state; 1; 2; thylakoid; thylakoid stacking; Diter von Wettstein;
D O I
10.1023/A:1024994525586
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
This review provides a brief historical account of how microscopical studies of chloroplasts have contributed to our current knowledge of the structural and functional organization of thylakoid membranes. It starts by tracing the origins of the terms plastid, grana, stroma and chloroplasts to light microscopic studies of 19th century German botanists, and then describes how different types of electron microscopical techniques have added to this field. The most notable contributions of thin section electron microscopy include the elucidation of the 3-D organization of thylakoid membranes, the discovery of prolamellar bodies in etioplasts, and the structural changes in thylakoid architecture that accompany the light-dependent transformation of etioplasts into chloroplasts. Attention is then focused on the roles that freeze-fracture and freeze-etch electron microscopy and immuno electron microscopy have played in defining the extent to which the functional complexes of thylakoids are non-randomly distributed between appressed, grana and non-appressed stroma thylakoids. Studies reporting on how this lateral differentiation can be altered experimentally, and how the spatial organization of functional complexes is affected by alterations in the light environment of plants are also included in this discussion. Finally, the review points to the possible uses of electron microscope tomography techniques in future structural studies of thylakoid membranes.
引用
收藏
页码:185 / 196
页数:12
相关论文
共 57 条
[1]   Plastoquinone redox control of chloroplast thylakoid protein phosphorylation and distribution of excitation energy between photosystems: discovery, background, implications [J].
Allen, JF .
PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH, 2002, 73 (1-3) :139-148
[2]   SPATIAL-ORGANIZATION OF THE CYTOCHROME B6-F COMPLEX WITHIN CHLOROPLAST THYLAKOID MEMBRANES [J].
ALLRED, DR ;
STAEHELIN, LA .
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA, 1986, 849 (01) :94-103
[3]   Changing concepts about the distribution of Photosystems I and II between grana-appressed and stroma-exposed thylakoid membranes [J].
Anderson, JM .
PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH, 2002, 73 (1-3) :157-164
[4]   LATERAL HETEROGENEITY IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHLOROPHYLL-PROTEIN COMPLEXES OF THE THYLAKOID MEMBRANES OF SPINACH-CHLOROPLASTS [J].
ANDERSSON, B ;
ANDERSON, JM .
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA, 1980, 593 (02) :427-440
[5]  
[Anonymous], 1885, JB WISSENSCHAFTLICHE
[6]   SPATIAL RELATIONSHIP OF PHOTOSYSTEM-I, PHOTOSYSTEM-II, AND LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX IN CHLOROPLAST MEMBRANES [J].
ARMOND, PA ;
STAEHELIN, LA ;
ARNTZEN, CJ .
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY, 1977, 73 (02) :400-418
[7]   STRUCTURAL-CHANGES AND LATERAL REDISTRIBUTION OF PHOTOSYSTEM-II DURING DONOR SIDE PHOTOINHIBITION OF THYLAKOIDS [J].
BARBATO, R ;
FRISO, G ;
RIGONI, F ;
VECCHIA, FD ;
GIACOMETTI, GM .
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY, 1992, 119 (02) :325-335
[8]  
BARBER J, 1986, ENCY PLANT PHYSL, V19, P653
[9]  
BRANGEON J, 1979, BIOL CELLULAIRE, V36, P71
[10]   FREEZE-ETCHING NOMENCLATURE [J].
BRANTON, D ;
BULLIVANT, S ;
GILULA, NB ;
KARNOVSKY, MJ ;
MOOR, H ;
MUHLETHALER, K ;
NORTHCOTE, DH ;
PACKER, L ;
SATIR, B ;
SATIR, P ;
SPETH, V ;
STAEHLIN, LA ;
STEERE, RL ;
WEINSTEIN, RS .
SCIENCE, 1975, 190 (4209) :54-56