Molecular mechanisms of sterol absorption

被引:25
作者
Chen, HC [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Endocrinol, Gladstone Inst Cardiovasc Dis, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA
关键词
sterols; intestinal absorption; nuclear hormone receptors; ABC transporters; sitosterolemla; cholesterol esters;
D O I
10.1093/jn/131.10.2603
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Recent studies have significantly advanced our understanding of intestinal sterol absorption at the molecular level. Nuclear hormone receptors (such as liver X receptor, farnesoid X receptor and retinoid X receptor) regulate the absorption of dietary sterols by modulating the transcription of several important genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. One of these genes encodes a molecule [adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter] that transports dietary cholesterol from enterocytes back out to the intestinal lumen, thereby limiting the amount of cholesterol absorbed. ABC transporters also provide an efficient barrier against the absorption of plant sterols. Another key process that affects intestinal sterol absorption is the synthesis of cholesterol esters. Mice lacking the enzyme for cholesterol esterification in the small intestine have a reduced capacity to absorb dietary cholesterol and are protected against diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and gallstone formation. In addition to elucidating some of the molecular mechanisms of sterol absorption, these recent findings may lead to new therapeutic options to treat hyper-cholesterolemia.
引用
收藏
页码:2603 / 2605
页数:3
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