Electrochemical synthesis for the control of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle size.: Morphology, microstructure, and magnetic behavior

The electrochemical synthesis of nanoparticles of gamma-Fe2O3 was performed in an organic medium. The size was directly controlled by the imposed current density, and the resulting particles were stabilized as a colloidal suspension by the use of cationic surfactants. The size distributions of the particles were narrow, with the average sizes varying from 3 to 8 nm. The amorphous character of the nanoparticles was clearly established by X-ray powder diffraction and TEM analysis. The microstructure of this phase could nevertheless be spectroscopically related to maghemite, gamma-Fe2O3. Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy and magnetization measurements indicated that the dry powders exhibit superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature.