Universal manipulation of a single qubit

被引:13
作者
Hardy, L [1 ]
Song, DD [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Ctr Quantum Computat, Oxford OX1 3PU, England
来源
PHYSICAL REVIEW A | 2001年 / 63卷 / 03期
关键词
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevA.63.032304
中图分类号
O43 [光学];
学科分类号
070207 ; 0803 ;
摘要
We find the optimal universal way of manipulating a single qubit, \psi(theta, phi)], such that (theta, phi)-->(theta-alpha, phi -beta). Such optimal transformations fall into two classes. For 0 less than or equal to alpha less than or equal to pi /2, the optimal map is the identity and the fidelity varies monotonically from 1 (for alpha =0) to 1/2 (for alpha=pi /2). For pi /2s less than or equal to alpha less than or equal to pi, the optimal map is the universal-NOT gate and the fidelity varies monotonically from 1/2 (for alpha=pi /2) to 2/3 (for alpha=pi). The fidelity 2/3 is equal to the fidelity of measurement. It is therefore rather surprising that for some values of alpha the fidelity is lower than 2/3. For instance, a universal square root of NOT operation is more difficult to approximate than the universal NOT gate itself.
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页码:1 / 3
页数:3
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