Intestinal immune system modulating polysaccharides in a Japanese herbal (Kampo) medicine, Juzen-Taiho-To

A commercially available dried extract (TJ-48) of Japanese herbal (Kampo) prescription, Juzen-Taiho-To has been found to enhance functions of Peyer's patch cells (intestinal immune system modulating activity) in vitro and in vivo. When TJ-48 was fractionated, the dialyzable fraction (F-3) and the polysaccharide fraction (F-5) expressed the in vitro activity. Oral administration of F-5 (150 mg/kg/day) to mice showed the intestinal immune system modulating activity. When the galacturonan moiety of pectic polysaccharides in F-5 was degraded enzymatically by endo-polygalacturonase, the digestion products significantly increased the activity of F-5. Purification the polygalacturonase-digested F-5 indicated that the active substances were composed mainly of the enzyme-resistant or undigestable polysaccharide molecules. Gel filtrations and anion-exchange chromatographies of F-5 gave 12 kinds of polysaccharides, and among them, 7 polysaccharides had significant intestinal immune system modulating activity. Component sugar analysis suggests that some active polysaccharides are grouped into pectic polysaccharides containing arabinogalactan or heteroglycan chains. Single radial gel diffusion analysis using beta-D-glucosyl-Yariv antigen indicated that some of the active polysaccharides comprised arabino-3,6-galactan moiety, and this moiety was suggested to play an important role partly for expression of the activity by single linear regression analysis between degree of the activity and reactivity with beta-D-glyucosyl-Yariv antigen.