Protein-Triggered Instant Disassembly of Biomimetic Layer-by-Layer Films

Layer-by-Layer (LbL) coatings are promising tools for the biofunctionalization of biomaterials, as they allow stress-free immobilization of proteins. Here, we explore the possibility to immobilize phosvitin, a highly phosphorylated protein viewed as a model of bone phosphoproteins and, as such, a potential promotive agent of surface-directed biomineralization, into biomimetic LbL architectures. Two immobilization protocols are attempted, first, using phosvitin as the polyanionic component of phosvitin/poly-(L-lysine) films and, second, adsorbing it onto preformed chondroitin sulfate/poly-(L-lysine) films. Surprisingly, it is neither possible to embed phosvitin as the constitutive polyanion of the LbL architectures nor to adsorb it atop preformed films. Instead, phosvitin triggers instant massive film disassembly. This unexpected, incidentally detected behavior constitutes the first example of destructive interactions between LbL films and a third polyelectrolyte, a fortiori a protein, which might open a route toward new stimuli-responsive films for biosensing or drug delivery applications. Interestingly, additional preliminary results still indicate a promotive effect of phosvitin-containing remnant films on calcium phosphate deposition.