Porous Doped Silicon Nanowires for Lithium Ion Battery Anode with Long Cycle Life

被引:764
作者
Ge, Mingyuan [2 ]
Rong, Jiepeng [2 ]
Fang, Xin [2 ]
Zhou, Chongwu [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ So Calif, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
[2] Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
关键词
Porous silicon nanowire anode; structure stability; alginate binder; high current rate; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; ELECTRODES; LITHIATION; PARTICLES; EVOLUTION; CAPACITY; STRESS; FILM;
D O I
10.1021/nl300206e
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Porous silicon nanowires have been well studied for various applications; however, there are only very limited reports on porous silicon nanowires used for energy storage. Here, we report both experimental and theoretical studies of porous doped silicon nanowires synthesized by direct etching of boron-doped silicon wafers. When using alginate as a binder, porous silicon nanowires exhibited superior electrochemical performance and long cycle life as anode material in a lithium ion battery. Even after 250 cycles, the capacity remains stable above 2000, 1600, and 1100 mAh/g at current rates of 2, 4, and 18 A/g, respectively, demonstrating high structure stability due to the high porosity and electron conductivity of the porous silicon nanowires. A mathematic model coupling the lithium ion diffusion and the strain induced by lithium intercalation was employed to study the effect of porosity and pore size on the structure stability. Simulation shows silicon with high porosity and large pore size help to stabilize the structure during charge/discharge cycles.
引用
收藏
页码:2318 / 2323
页数:6
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