Ureteropelvic junction obstruction: An innovative approach combining metallic stenting and virtual endoscopy

Purpose: We report our experience with auto-expandable metallic stents for treating ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Materials and Methods: We treated 4 patients with a mean age of 45 years who had ureteropelvic junction obstruction with placement of a self-expandable intraureteral metallic stent (Wallstent, Schneider, Zurich, Switzerland). All patients presented with recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction after open pyeloplasty. Excretory urography and 3-dimensional reconstruction computerized tomography were performed 1 and 6 months after stent insertion. Virtual endoscopy images were obtained at followup due to the need to define ureteral patency. Results: Mean followup was 16 months (range 9 to 24). Wallstent placement was successful and immediate patency, was achieved in all, cases. During followup 3 patients required no further intervention and the stented ureteropelvic junction remained patent. In the remaining patient stricture recurred 2 months after initial stent insertion due to the ingrowth of scar tissue through the prosthesis. Additional intervention was deemed necessary after placing a longer 6 cm., completely coaxial overlapping metal stent. Virtual endoscopy and excretory urography findings concurred. Virtual endoscopy allows visualization of the stented ureteropelvic junction lumen cephalad and caudal to the prosthesis. It also enables easy navigation within the stent at different angles of view. Conclusions: The concept of applying metallic stents for ureteropelvic junction obstruction and adjacent adynamic ureteral segments combined with virtual endoscopy is strengthened by the results of this study.