Is the fragility of a liquid embedded in the properties of its glass?

被引:260
作者
Scopigno, T [1 ]
Ruocco, G
Sette, F
Monaco, G
机构
[1] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Mat, I-00185 Rome, Italy
[2] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy
[3] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.1089446
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
When a liquid is cooled below its melting temperature, it usually crystallizes. However, if the quenching rate is fast enough, the system may remain in a disordered state, progressively losing its fluidity upon further cooling. When the time needed for the rearrangement of the local atomic structure reaches approximately 100 seconds, the system becomes "solid" for any practical purpose, and this defines the glass transition temperature T-g. Approaching this transition from the liquid side, different systems show qualitatively different temperature dependencies of the viscosity, and accordingly they have been classified by introducing the concept of "fragility." We report experimental observations that relate the microscopic properties of the glassy phase to the fragility. We find that the vibrational properties of the glass well below T-g are correlated with the fragility value. Consequently, we extend the fragility concept to the glassy state and indicate how to determine the fragility uniquely from glass properties well below T-g.
引用
收藏
页码:849 / 852
页数:4
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