Comparative Genomics Yields Insights into Niche Adaptation of Plant Vascular Wilt Pathogens

被引：508

作者：

Klosterman, Steven J. ^{[1
]}

Subbarao, Krishna V. ^{[2
]}

Kang, Seogchan ^{[3
]}

Veronese, Paola ^{[4
]}

Gold, Scott E. ^{[5
,6
]}

Thomma, Bart P. H. J. ^{[7
]}

Chen, Zehua ^{[8
]}

Henrissat, Bernard ^{[9
]}

Lee, Yong-Hwan ^{[10
,11
]}

Park, Jongsun ^{[10
,11
]}

Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria D. ^{[12
]}

Barbara, Dez J. ^{[13
]}

Anchieta, Amy ^{[1
]}

de Jonge, Ronnie ^{[7
]}

Santhanam, Parthasarathy ^{[7
]}

Maruthachalam, Karunakaran ^{[2
]}

Atallah, Zahi ^{[2
]}

Amyotte, Stefan G. ^{[14
]}

Paz, Zahi ^{[5
,6
]}

Inderbitzin, Patrik ^{[2
]}

Hayes, Ryan J. ^{[1
]}

Heiman, David I. ^{[8
]}

Young, Sarah ^{[8
]}

Zeng, Qiandong ^{[8
]}

Engels, Reinhard ^{[8
]}

Galagan, James ^{[8
]}

Cuomo, Christina A. ^{[8
]}

Dobinson, Katherine F. ^{[14
,15
]}

Ma, Li-Jun ^{[8
,16
]}

机构：

[1] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA

[2] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[3] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[4] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA

[5] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA

[6] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA

[7] Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands

[8] Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA

[9] Univ Aix Marseille, CNRS, Aix En Provence, France

[10] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Ctr Fungal Genet Resources, Seoul, South Korea

[11] Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Agr Biomat, Seoul, South Korea

[12] CSIC, IHSM Mayora, UMA, Malaga, Spain

[13] Univ Warwick, Warwick, England

[14] Univ Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

[15] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada

[16] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA

来源：

PLOS PATHOGENS | 2011年 / 7卷 / 07期

基金：

美国食品与农业研究所; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;

关键词：

INDUCED POINT MUTATION; VERTICILLIUM WILT; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; EFFECTOR ECP6; PROTEIN; FUNGAL; COLONIZATION; RESISTANCE; SEQUENCE; PROFILE;

D O I：

10.1371/journal.ppat.1002137

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 [微生物学];

摘要：

The vascular wilt fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum infect over 200 plant species, causing billions of dollars in annual crop losses. The characteristic wilt symptoms are a result of colonization and proliferation of the pathogens in the xylem vessels, which undergo fluctuations in osmolarity. To gain insights into the mechanisms that confer the organisms' pathogenicity and enable them to proliferate in the unique ecological niche of the plant vascular system, we sequenced the genomes of V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum and compared them to each other, and to the genome of Fusarium oxysporum, another fungal wilt pathogen. Our analyses identified a set of proteins that are shared among all three wilt pathogens, and present in few other fungal species. One of these is a homolog of a bacterial glucosyltransferase that synthesizes virulence-related osmoregulated periplasmic glucans in bacteria. Pathogenicity tests of the corresponding V. dahliae glucosyltransferase gene deletion mutants indicate that the gene is required for full virulence in the Australian tobacco species Nicotiana benthamiana. Compared to other fungi, the two sequenced Verticillium genomes encode more pectin-degrading enzymes and other carbohydrate-active enzymes, suggesting an extraordinary capacity to degrade plant pectin barricades. The high level of synteny between the two Verticillium assemblies highlighted four flexible genomic islands in V. dahliae that are enriched for transposable elements, and contain duplicated genes and genes that are important in signaling/transcriptional regulation and iron/lipid metabolism. Coupled with an enhanced capacity to degrade plant materials, these genomic islands may contribute to the expanded genetic diversity and virulence of V. dahliae, the primary causal agent of Verticillium wilts. Significantly, our study reveals insights into the genetic mechanisms of niche adaptation of fungal wilt pathogens, advances our understanding of the evolution and development of their pathogenesis, and sheds light on potential avenues for the development of novel disease management strategies to combat destructive wilt diseases.

引用

页数：19

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