Large piezoelectric constant of high-Curie-temperature Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-PbTiO3 ternary single crystal near morphotropic phase boundary

Single crystals, with high Curie temperature (T-c), of the xPb(In1/2Nb1/2)O-3-yPb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-zPbTiO(3) (PIMNT100x/100y/100z) ternary system near a morphotropic phase boundary were successfully grown by a conventional flux method using PbO-B2O3 flux. The crystals were grown in a platinum crucible by mass crystallization achieved through slow cooling of a 50PIMNT 16/51/33: 40PbO: 10B(2)O(3) (mol%) molten solution from 1,230 to 850degreesC at 1.2degreesC/h. The obtained crystals had a perovskite structure. The largest crystal had dimensions of about 20 x 10 x 5 mm(3). The dielectric constant after poling, epsilon(33)(T)/epsilon(0),was 3,100 33 and the dissipation factor was 0.8% at room temperature. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant showed a maximum. at the tetragonal-to-cubic phase-transition temperature, T-c = 187degreesC. The piezoelectric constant of d(33) = 2,200 pC/N is the highest value so far reported for any piezoelectric material with Tc > 185degreesC.