A monofilar spiral antenna and its array above a ground plane - Formation of a circularly polarized tilted fan beam

A monofilar spiral antenna is analyzed in the presence of a conducting plane reflector, using the method of moments, The circumference of the spiral antenna is chosen to be 2.3 wavelengths, A tilted beam of circular polarization is realized by superposing the fields from two active regions, The gain of the tilted beam is approximately 8 dB, The frequency bandwidths for l-dB gain drop and 3-dB axial ratio criterions are 12% and 23%, respectively, An array consisting of the four monofilar spiral antennas is also analyzed, where the array element spacing is chosen to be 0.8 wavelength at a design frequency fo. The input impedances of the four spirals are almost the same as the impedance of the single monofilar spiral antenna at f(0), The array radiates a tilted fan beam with a gain increase of approximately 6 dB from the gain of the single spiral antenna at f(0), The frequency bandwidth for a 3-dB axial ratio criterion is almost the same as that of the single spiral antenna.