Analysis of tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-10, IL-6, and interferon-γ gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic periodontitis

Background: Cytokine gene polymorphisms may have an impact on the susceptibility to and progression of chronic periodontitis. In this study, we analyzed the - 1082 interleukin- 10 (IL-10), -308 tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) (codons 10 and 25), -174IL-6, and +874 interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms in a cohort of patients with chronic periodontal disease. Methods: The diagnosis was made on the basis of standardized clinical and radiographic criteria. A total of 122 adult patients with chronic periodontitis and 114 unrelated, ethnically and age-matched white control subjects were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction-sequence -specific primer. Results: The number of individuals carrying the -174IL-6 CC genotype was significantly higher in the group of patients than in the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 1.896; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.106 to 3.250; P = 0.0283). The TGF-beta 1 (codon 25) GG (Arg(25)/Arg(25)) genotype was detected more frequently in control subjects than in periodontitis patients (OR = 0.459; 95% Cl = 0.230 to 0.920; P= 0.0421). Conclusion: The -174IL-6 and TGF-beta 1 (codon 25) single-nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in the population studied.