The initial view of the neuroendocrine-immune communication as the brake of immune activation is changing. Recent evidence suggests that the optimization of the body's overall response to infection could be actually the role of the immune-endocrine network. In gradually more complex organisms, the multiplicity of host-pathogen interfaces forced the development of efficient and protective responses. Molecules such as cytokines and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are distributed both in the periphery and in the brain to participate in a coordinated adaptive function. When sustained release of inflammatory mediators occurs, as in autoimmune diseases, undesirable pathological consequences become evident with different manifestations and outcomes. Clearly, organisms are not well adapted to that disregulated condition yet, suggesting that additional partners within neuroendocrine-immune interactions might emerge from the evolutionary road. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Abbas, N
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Bednar, I
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Bednar, I
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Mix, E
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Mix, E
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Marie, S
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Marie, S
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Paterson, D
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Paterson, D
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Ljungberg, A
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Ljungberg, A
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Morris, C
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Morris, C
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Winblad, B
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Winblad, B
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Nordberg, A
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Nordberg, A
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Zhu, J
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Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, SwedenHuddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
机构:
Ist Super Sanita, Lab Organ & Syst Pathophysiol, Neurophysiol Unit, I-00161 Rome, ItalyIst Super Sanita, Lab Organ & Syst Pathophysiol, Neurophysiol Unit, I-00161 Rome, Italy
机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Abbas, N
;
Bednar, I
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Bednar, I
;
Mix, E
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Mix, E
;
Marie, S
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Marie, S
;
Paterson, D
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Paterson, D
;
Ljungberg, A
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Ljungberg, A
;
Morris, C
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Morris, C
;
Winblad, B
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Winblad, B
;
Nordberg, A
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机构:Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
Nordberg, A
;
Zhu, J
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Huddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, SwedenHuddinge Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Geriatr Med B84, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden
机构:
Ist Super Sanita, Lab Organ & Syst Pathophysiol, Neurophysiol Unit, I-00161 Rome, ItalyIst Super Sanita, Lab Organ & Syst Pathophysiol, Neurophysiol Unit, I-00161 Rome, Italy