Severe pathological crying after left anterior choroidal artery infarct - Reversibility with paroxetine treatment

Background There is increasing evidence that serotonergic neurotransmission may be damaged In poststroke pathological crying. A correlation between the clinical severity of pathological dying and the size of stroke-induced serotonergic pathway lesions is commonly accepted. We present a case of severe pathological crying after a limited left anterior choroidal artery territory infarction. Case Description A right-handed 55-year-old man who was a heavy smoker was admitted to the hospital after a right hemiplegia of sudden onset. Clinical examination revealed a right global hemiplegia including the face and a right hemihypoesthesia. Cerebral CT scan and MRI showed an infarct in the retrolenticular part of the posterior limb of the left internal capsule extending upward into the posterior paraventricular corona radiata region. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed an atrial septal aneurysm of 15-mm excursion without associated patent foramen ovale. From the first day of admission, the patient exhibited very frequent and intense fits of pathological crying. Their persistence led to initiation of treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine on day 30. Complete and immediate resolution of pathological crying occurred 24 hours after onset of therapy. Follow-up examination at day 90 confirmed the absence of relapse of pathological crying. Conclusions We conclude that poststroke pathological crying in our patient may have been due to unilateral disruption of the capsular ascending projections of the serotonergic brain stem raphe nuclei. A small left-sided capsular lesion map have led to severe pathological crying. This disabling condition may be reversible with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy.