Declines in physiological functional capacity with age: a longitudinal study in peak swimming performance

被引:130
作者
Donato, AJ
Tench, K
Glueck, DH
Seals, DR
Eskurza, I
Tanaka, H
机构
[1] Univ Colorado, Dept Kinesiol & Appl Physiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[2] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO 80262 USA
[3] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA
关键词
exercise performance; physical work capacity;
D O I
10.1152/japplphysiol.00438.2002
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 [生理学];
摘要
We followed up swimming performance times of 321 women and 319 men who participated in the US Masters Swimming Championships over a 12-yr period. All swimmers placed in the top 10 in their age group over 3 yr (mean = 5 yr). A random coefficients model for repeated measures was used to derive a line of best fit from a group of regression lines for each subject. Both 50- and 1,500-m swimming performance declined modestly until similar to70 yr of age, where a more rapid decline was observed in both men and women. Compared with 1,500-m swimming, the 50-m freestyle declined more modestly and slowly with age. The rate and magnitude of declines in swimming performance with age were greater in women than in men in 50-m freestyle; such sex-related differences were not observed in 1,500-m freestyle. Overall, the variability along a population regression line increased markedly with advancing age. The present longitudinal findings indicate that 1) swimming performance declines progressively until age 70, where the decrease becomes quadratic; 2) the rates of the decline in swimming performance with age are greater in a long-duration than in a short-duration event, suggesting a relatively smaller loss of anaerobic muscular power with age compared with cardiovascular endurance; 3) the age-related rates of decline are greater in women than in men only in a short-duration event; and 4) the variability of the age-related decline in performance increases markedly with advancing age.
引用
收藏
页码:764 / 769
页数:6
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