Ultrafast bond softening in bismuth:: Mapping a solid's interatomic potential with X-rays

被引:332
作者
Fritz, D. M. [1 ]
Reis, D. A.
Adams, B.
Akre, R. A.
Arthur, J.
Blome, C.
Bucksbaum, P. H.
Cavalieri, A. L.
Engemann, S.
Fahy, S.
Falcone, R. W.
Fuoss, P. H.
Gaffney, K. J.
George, M. J.
Hajdu, J.
Hertlein, M. P.
Hillyard, P. B.
Hoegen, M. Horn-von
Kammler, M.
Kaspar, J.
Kienberger, R.
Krejcik, P.
Lee, S. H.
Lindenberg, A. M.
McFarland, B.
Meyer, D.
Montagne, T.
Murray, E. D.
Nelson, A. J.
Nicoul, M.
Pahl, R.
Rudati, J.
Schlarb, H.
Siddons, D. P.
Sokolowski-Tinten, K.
Tschentscher, Th.
von der Linde, D.
Hastings, J. B.
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, FOCUS Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Univ Michigan, Appl Phys Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[3] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, PULSE Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA
[4] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
[5] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA
[6] DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
[7] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[8] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[9] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany
[10] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Phys, Cork, Ireland
[11] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Tyndall Natl Inst, Cork, Ireland
[12] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[13] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
[14] Uppsala Univ, Ctr Biomed, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
[15] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[16] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[17] Univ Duisburg Essen, Inst Expt Phys, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany
[18] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Halbleitertechnol, Hannover, Germany
[19] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305600, South Korea
[20] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
[21] Univ Chicago, Conortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
[22] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.1135009
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Intense femtosecond laser excitation can produce transient states of matter that would otherwise be inaccessible to laboratory investigation. At high excitation densities, the interatomic forces that bind solids and determine many of their properties can be substantially altered. Here, we present the detailed mapping of the carrier density-dependent interatomic potential of bismuth approaching a solid-solid phase transition. Our experiments combine stroboscopic techniques that use a high-brightness linear electron accelerator-based x-ray source with pulse-by-pulse timing reconstruction for femtosecond resolution, allowing quantitative characterization of the interatomic potential energy surface of the highly excited solid.
引用
收藏
页码:633 / 636
页数:4
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