Halothane administration during liquid ventilation

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid ventilation (LV) can be used as a vehicle to deliver halothane and induce and maintain analgesia. Seven hamsters were paralysed and stabilized with mechanical gas ventilation, ventilated in alternating cycles with gas and either neat oxygenated PFC liquid or oxygenated PFC liquid mixed with liquid halothane (PFC:hal) 1.50% (volume/vapour); arterial pressure and blood gases were monitored throughout the protocol. After each cycle, the animal was stimulated with a foot clamp for 2 s. Mean arterial pressure (MAP:mmHg) response to this stimulation (percent change from the resting MAP) was used as an index of analgesia. Mean arterial pressure was significantly lower during ventilation with PFC:hal (73 +/- 7 SE) as compared with MAP during neat PFC (113 +/- 5 SE) or gas ventilation (107 +/- SE). Mean arterial pressure response (% change in MAP from baseline) to foot-clamp stimulation was significantly lower with PFC:hal ventilation (+12 +/- 5% se) as compared with neat PFC (+28 +/- 8% SE) and gas ventilation (+29 +/- 9% SE). There was no statistically significant difference in resting MAP or MAP response to foot-clamp stimulation between cycles of ventilation with neat PFC alone or gas ventilation; arterial blood gases were not significantly different between modes of ventilation or levels of analgesia. The data indicate that halothane can be administered during LV while supporting gas exchange, and demonstrate the feasibility of inducing analgesia while using PFC LV techniques.