Axonal structure and function after axolemmal leakage in the squid giant axon

被引:21
作者
Gallant, PE
Galbraith, JA
机构
[1] MARINE BIOL LAB, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA
[2] UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT BIOENGN, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA
关键词
axonal protection; axoplasmic transport; degeneration; electroporation; membrane resealing;
D O I
10.1089/neu.1997.14.811
中图分类号
R4 [临床医学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100602 ;
摘要
Membrane leakage is a common consequence of traumatic nerve injury, In order to measure the early secondary effects of different levels of membrane leakage on axonal structure and function we studied the squid giant axon after electroporation at field strengths of 0.5, 1.0, 1.6, or 3.3 kV/cm, Immediately after mild electroporation at 0.5 kV/cm, 40% of the axons had no action potentials, but by 1 h all of the mildly electroporated axons had recovered their action potentials. Many large organelles (mitochondria) were swollen, however, and their transport was reduced by 62% 1 h after this mild electroporation, One hour after moderate electroporation at 1.0 kV/cm, most of the axons had no action potentials, most large organelles were swollen, and their transport was reduced by 98%, whereas small organelle transport was reduced by 75%, Finally at severe electroporation levels of 1.65-3.0 kV/cm all conduction and transport was lost and the gel-like axoplasmic structure was clumped or liquefied, The structural damage and transport block seen after severe and moderate poration were early secondary injuries that could be prevented by placing the porated axons in an intracellular-type medium (low in Ca2+, Na+, and Cl-) immediately after poration. In moderately, but not severely, porated axons this protection of organelle transport and structure persisted, and action potential conduction returned when the axons were returned to the previously injurious extracellular-type medium, This suggests that the primary damage, the axolemmal leak, was repaired while the moderately porated axons were in the protective intracellular-type medium.
引用
收藏
页码:811 / 822
页数:12
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