Molecular evidence for multiple Toxoplasma gondii infections in individual patients in England and Wales:: public health implications

被引:78
作者
Aspinall, TV
Guy, EC
Roberts, KE
Joynson, DHM
Hyde, JE
Sims, PFG
机构
[1] Univ Manchester, Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Biomol Sci, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England
[2] Publ Hlth Lab, Toxoplasma Reference Unit, Swansea SA2 8QA, W Glam, Wales
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
PCR detection; SAG2; genotype; toxoplasmosis; mixed infection;
D O I
10.1016/S0020-7519(02)00230-8
中图分类号
R38 [医学寄生虫学]; Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ; 100103 ;
摘要
We sought to determine the SAG2 genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii associated with cases of acute human toxoplasmosis in England and Wales. The samples examined were collected from a wide range of cases including congenital infections, AIDS and immunosuppressed patients and were derived from a number of different tissues. Parasite DNA was detected by PCR amplification without the need for prior template purification, and SAG2 genotype was determined by both restriction enzyme analysis and direct DNA sequencing of the PCR amplification products. Parasites of both SAG2 type I and type II genotypes were seen with approximately equal frequency amongst the samples examined. Neither of these genotypes was found to be more frequently associated with a particular clinical presentation or sample tissue. Unexpectedly, we found clear evidence of mixed (SAG2 type I + type II) infections in approximately the same number of samples as were seen to be associated with either type I or II alone. Our use of direct DNA sequencing rather than simple restriction analysis was essential for the detection of mixed infections since incomplete restriction digestion of samples containing a single parasite type was occasionally observed. It is possible that the presence of more than one type of parasite in single samples might be related to our recent demonstration that mixtures of SAG2 type I and type II parasites are present in a significant proportion of commercial meat preparations. Moreover, the presence of mixed infections in single patients might offer a direct molecular method of assessing risk factors for infection. (C) 2002 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:97 / 103
页数:7
相关论文
共 31 条
[1]   Microsatellite analysis of Toxoplasma gondii shows considerable polymorphism structured into two main clonal groups [J].
Ajzenberg, D ;
Bañuls, AL ;
Tibayrenc, M ;
Dardé, ML .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY, 2002, 32 (01) :27-38
[2]   Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commercial meat products as monitored by polymerase chain reaction -: food for thought? [J].
Aspinall, TV ;
Marlee, D ;
Hyde, JE ;
Sims, PFG .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY, 2002, 32 (09) :1193-1199
[3]   The molecular basis of sulfonamide resistance in Toxoplasma gondii and implications for the clinical management of toxoplasmosis [J].
Aspinall, TV ;
Joynson, DHM ;
Guy, E ;
Hyde, JE ;
Sims, PFG .
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 2002, 185 (11) :1637-1643
[4]   Plasmodium falciparum:: Underestimation of dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase polymorphism in field samples:: A technical shortcoming of nested PCR assays with mutation-specific primers [J].
Chaparro, J ;
Rojas, MO ;
Wasserman, M .
EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY, 2001, 99 (03) :115-122
[5]   Sources of toxoplasma infection in pregnant women: European multicentre case-control study [J].
Cook, AJC ;
Gilbert, RE ;
Buffolano, W ;
Zufferey, J ;
Petersen, E ;
Jenum, PA ;
Foulon, W ;
Semprini, AE ;
Dunn, DT .
BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 2000, 321 (7254) :142-147
[6]  
COUVREUR J, 1988, PARASITIC INFECT PRE, P112
[7]   A DNA-FINGERPRINTING METHOD FOR INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TOXOPLASMA-GONDII STRAINS - COMBINATION WITH ISOENZYMATIC CHARACTERS FOR DETERMINATION OF LINKAGE GROUPS [J].
CRISTINA, N ;
DARDE, ML ;
BOUDIN, C ;
TAVERNIER, G ;
PESTREALEXANDRE, M ;
AMBROISETHOMAS, P .
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH, 1995, 81 (01) :32-37
[8]   ISOENZYME ANALYSIS OF 35 TOXOPLASMA-GONDII ISOLATES AND THE BIOLOGICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC IMPLICATIONS [J].
DARDE, ML ;
BOUTEILLE, B ;
PESTREALEXANDRE, M .
JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY, 1992, 78 (05) :786-794
[9]   Computer-generated dot maps as an epidemiologic tool: Investigating an outbreak of toxoplasmosis [J].
Eng, SB ;
Werker, DH ;
King, AS ;
Marion, SA ;
Bell, A ;
Issac-Renton, JL ;
Irwin, GS ;
Bowie, WR .
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 1999, 5 (06) :815-819
[10]   IMMUNIZATION OF CATS AGAINST SHEDDING OF TOXOPLASMA OOCYSTS [J].
FRENKEL, JK ;
SMITH, DD .
JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY, 1982, 68 (05) :744-748