A miniaturised ultraviolet spectrometer for remote sensing of SO2 fluxes:: a new tool for volcano surveillance

被引:305
作者
Galle, B
Oppenheimer, C
Geyer, A
McGonigle, AJS
Edmonds, M
Horrocks, L
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Dept Geog, Cambridge CB2 3EN, England
[2] Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Radio & Space Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
[3] Univ Heidelberg, Inst Environm Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
[4] Montserrat Volcano Observ, Plymouth, Devon, England
[5] Meteorol Off, Bracknell RG12 2SZ, Berks, England
基金
英国自然环境研究理事会;
关键词
gas monitoring; SO2; fluxes; ultraviolet spectroscopy; COSPEC; mini-DOAS; Masaya Volcano; Soufriere Hills Volcano;
D O I
10.1016/S0377-0273(02)00356-6
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
For 30 years, the correlation spectrometer (COSPEC) has been the principal tool for remote monitoring of volcanic SO2 fluxes. During this time, the instrument has played a prominent role in volcanic hazard assessment. COSPEC data also underpin estimates of the global volcanic SO2 flux to the atmosphere. Though innovative for its time, COSPEC is now outdated in several respects. Here we report the first measurements with a potential replacement, using a low cost, miniature, ultraviolet fibre-optic differential optical absorption spectrometer (miniDOAS). Field experiments were conducted at Masaya Volcano (Nicaragua) and Soufriere Hills Volcano (Montserrat). The mini-DOAS was operated from a road vehicle and helicopter, and from a fixed position on the ground, indicating fluxes of similar to4 and 1 kg s(-1) at Masaya Volcano and Soufriere Hills Volcano, respectively. Side-by-side observations with a COSPEC on Montserrat indicate a comparable sensitivity but the mini-DOAS offers several advantages, including the collection of broadband ultraviolet spectra. It has immense potential for geochemical surveillance at volcanoes worldwide. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:241 / 254
页数:14
相关论文
共 29 条
[1]   A time-averaged inventory of subaerial volcanic sulfur emissions [J].
Andres, RJ ;
Kasgnoc, AD .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1998, 103 (D19) :25251-25261
[2]   THE CONTRIBUTION OF VOLCANOS TO THE GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR BUDGET [J].
BERRESHEIM, H ;
JAESCHKE, W .
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS, 1983, 88 (NC6) :3732-3740
[3]   GAS EMISSIONS AND THE ERUPTIONS OF MOUNT ST-HELENS THROUGH 1982 [J].
CASADEVALL, T ;
ROSE, W ;
GERLACH, T ;
GREENLAND, LP ;
EWERT, J ;
WUNDERMAN, R ;
SYMONDS, R .
SCIENCE, 1983, 221 (4618) :1383-1385
[4]  
Daag AS, 1996, FIRE AND MUD, P409
[5]   Dry deposition and heavy acid loading in the vicinity of Masaya Volcano, a major sulfur and chlorine source in Nicaragua [J].
Delmelle, P ;
Stix, J ;
Bourque, CPA ;
Baxter, PJ ;
Garcia-Alvarez, J ;
Barquero, J .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 2001, 35 (07) :1289-1293
[6]   Volcanic gas emission rates measured by solar occultation spectroscopy [J].
Duffell, H ;
Oppenheimer, C ;
Burton, M .
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2001, 28 (16) :3131-3134
[7]   A model for degassing at the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, West Indies, based on geochemical data [J].
Edmonds, M ;
Pyle, D ;
Oppenheimer, C .
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 2001, 186 (02) :159-173
[8]   Rotational raman scattering and the ring effect in zenith sky spectra [J].
Fish, D.J. ;
Jones, R.L. .
Geophysical Research Letters, 1995, 22 (07)
[9]   Monitoring gases from andesite volcanoes [J].
Francis, P ;
Horrocks, L ;
Oppenheimer, C .
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES, 2000, 358 (1770) :1567-1584
[10]   ANOMALOUS FRAUNHOFER LINE PROFILES [J].
GRAINGER, JF ;
RING, J .
NATURE, 1962, 193 (4817) :762-&