Temporal and spatial variability of total gaseous mercury in Canada: results from the Canadian Atmospheric Mercury Measurement Network (CAMNet)

被引:105
作者
Kellerhals, M
Beauchamp, S
Belzer, W
Blanchard, P
Froude, F
Harvey, B
McDonald, K
Pilote, M
Poissant, L
Puckett, K
Schroeder, B
Steffen, A
Tordon, R
机构
[1] Environm Canada, Edmonton, AB T6B 2X3, Canada
[2] Environm Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 2N6, Canada
[3] Environm Canada, Vancouver, BC V6P 6H9, Canada
[4] Environm Canada, Meterol Serv Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada
[5] Environm Canada, Ctr Atmospher Res Expt, Egbert, ON L0L 1N0, Canada
[6] Environm Canada, Montreal, PQ H2Y 2E7, Canada
关键词
atmospheric mercury; total gaseous mercury; temporal variability; seasonal variability; Canada;
D O I
10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00917-2
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Continuous measurements of total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentration were taken during 1997-1999 at 10 rural sites across Canada. ranging from 43degrees to 82degreesN and from 62degrees to 123degreesW. Overall median TGM concentrations ranged among the sites from 1.32 to 1.83 ng m(-3). The spatially averaged median concentration among all sites was 1.60+/-0.15 ng m(-3). Maximum hourly average concentrations, on the order of 10 ng m(-3) were observed at several sites located near major sources of anthropogenic emissions. Minimum hourly average concentrations were observed in springtime at the arctic site where concentrations dropped below the detection limit of the analyzer (50pg m(-3)) on several occasions. Seasonal variability in TGM concentrations was observed at all sites. At most sites monthly median concentrations were highest in late winter and lowest in fall. Diurnal variations in TGM concentration were also observed at most sites. The most common pattern of diurnal variability was a diel cycle of minimum concentrations just before sunrise and maximum concentrations around solar noon. The diel cycle was seasonally modulated, reaching maximum amplitude during spring or summer at all sites. Crown Copyright (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1003 / 1011
页数:9
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