A connection between star formation activity and cosmic rays in the starburst galaxy M82

被引：209

作者：

Acciari, V. A. ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Aliu, E. ^{[2
,3
]}

Arlen, T. ^{[4
]}

Aune, T. ^{[5
,6
]}

Bautista, M. ^{[7
]}

Beilicke, M. ^{[8
]}

Benbow, W. ^{[1
]}

Boltuch, D. ^{[2
,3
]}

Bradbury, S. M. ^{[9
]}

Buckley, J. H. ^{[8
]}

Bugaev, V. ^{[8
]}

Byrum, K. ^{[10
]}

Cannon, A. ^{[11
]}

Celik, O. ^{[4
]}

Cesarini, A. ^{[12
]}

Chow, Y. C. ^{[4
]}

Ciupik, L. ^{[13
]}

Cogan, P. ^{[7
]}

Colin, P. ^{[14
]}

Cui, W. ^{[15
]}

Dickherber, R. ^{[8
]}

Duke, C. ^{[16
]}

Fegan, S. J. ^{[4
]}

Finley, J. P. ^{[15
]}

Finnegan, G. ^{[14
]}

Fortin, P. ^{[17
]}

Fortson, L. ^{[13
]}

Furniss, A. ^{[5
,6
]}

Galante, N. ^{[1
]}

Gall, D. ^{[15
]}

Gibbs, K. ^{[1
]}

Gillanders, G. H. ^{[12
]}

Godambe, S. ^{[14
]}

Grube, J. ^{[11
]}

Guenette, R. ^{[7
]}

Gyuk, G. ^{[13
]}

Hanna, D. ^{[7
]}

Holder, J. ^{[2
,3
]}

Horan, D. ^{[18
]}

Hui, C. M. ^{[14
]}

Humensky, T. B. ^{[19
]}

Imran, A. ^{[20
]}

Kaaret, P. ^{[21
]}

Karlsson, N. ^{[13
]}

Kertzman, M. ^{[22
]}

Kieda, D. ^{[14
]}

Kildea, J. ^{[1
]}

Konopelko, A. ^{[23
]}

Krawczynski, H. ^{[8
]}

Krennrich, F. ^{[20
]}

机构：

[1] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA

[2] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[3] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[4] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[5] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[6] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[7] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada

[8] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[9] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[10] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA

[11] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland

[12] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland

[13] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA

[14] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA

[15] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[16] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA

[17] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA

[18] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France

[19] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[20] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA

[21] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA

[22] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA

[23] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA

[24] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA

[25] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland

[26] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[27] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland

来源：

NATURE | 2009年 / 462卷 / 7274期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 英国科学技术设施理事会; 爱尔兰科学基金会;

关键词：

RADIO; EMISSION; CLUSTERS; MODEL;

D O I：

10.1038/nature08557

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Although Galactic cosmic rays (protons and nuclei) are widely believed to be mainly accelerated by the winds and supernovae of massive stars, definitive evidence of this origin remains elusive nearly a century after their discovery(1). The active regions of star-burst galaxies have exceptionally high rates of star formation, and their large size-more than 50 times the diameter of similar Galactic regions-uniquely enables reliable calorimetric measurements of their potentially high cosmic-ray density(2). The cosmic rays produced in the formation, life and death of massive stars in these regions are expected to produce diffuse gamma-ray emission through interactions with interstellar gas and radiation. M82, the prototype small starburst galaxy, is predicted(3,4) to be the brightest starburst galaxy in terms of gamma-ray emission. Here we report the detection of >700-GeV gamma-rays from M82. From these data we determine a cosmic-ray density of 250 eV cm(-3) in the starburst core, which is about 500 times the average Galactic density. This links cosmic-ray acceleration to star formation activity, and suggests that supernovae and massive-star winds are the dominant accelerators.

引用

页码：770 / 772

页数：3

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