Earliest Pleistocene hominid cranial remains from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia:: Taxonomy, geological setting, and age

被引:401
作者
Gabunia, L
Vekua, A
Lordkipanidze, D
Swisher, CC
Ferring, R
Justus, A
Nioradze, M
Tvalchrelidze, M
Antón, SC
Bosinski, G
Jöris, O
de Lumley, MA
Majsuradze, G
Mouskhelishvili, A
机构
[1] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA
[2] Republ Georgia Natl Acad Sci, GE-380007 Tbilisi, Georgia
[3] Republ Georgia State Museum, Dept Geol & Paleontol, GE-380007 Tbilisi, Georgia
[4] Univ N Texas, Dept Geog, Denton, TX 76203 USA
[5] Romisch German Zent Museum, Mainz, Germany
[6] Univ Florida, Dept Anthropol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
[7] CNRS, Lab Museum Natl Hist Nat, Paris, France
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.288.5468.1019
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Archaeological excavations at the site of Dmanisi in the Republic of Georgia have uncovered two partial early Pleistocene hominid crania. The new fossils consist of a relatively complete cranium and a second relatively complete calvaria from the same site and stratigraphic unit that yielded a hominid mandible in 1991. In contrast with the uncertain taxonomic affinity of the mandible. the new fossils are comparable in size and morphology with Homo ergaster from Koobi Fora, Kenya. Paleontological, archaeological, geochronological, and paleomagnetic data from Dmanisi all indicate an earliest Pleistocene age of about 1.7 million years ago, supporting correlation of the new specimens with the Koobi Fora fossils. The Dmanisi fossils, in contrast with Pleistocene hominids from Western Europe and Eastern Asia, show clear African affinity and may represent the species that first migrated out of Africa.
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页码:1019 / 1025
页数:7
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