RETRACTED: Secretory phospholipase A2 IIA is up-regulated by TNF-α and IL-1α/β after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rat (Retracted article. See vol. 1507, pg. 154, 2013)

Cerebral ischemia initiates an inflammatory response in the brain that is associated with the induction of a variety of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 alpha/beta (IL-1 alpha/beta) that contributes to stroke injury. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) resulted in significant increases in TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels. We have previously demonstrated up-regulation of secretory phospholipase A(2) IIA (sPLA(2) IIA) mRNA and protein expression, increased PLA(2) activity, and loss of phosphatidylcholine after 1-h tMCAO and 24-h reperfusion in SHR. Treatment with TNF-a antibody or IL-1 receptor antagonist significantly attenuated infarction volume, sPLA(2) IIA protein expression, PLA(2) activity and significantly restored phosphatidylcholine levels after tMCAO. This suggests that cytokine induction up-regulates sPLA(2) IIA protein expression, resulting in altered lipid metabolism that contributes to stroke injury. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.