Review of the Integrated Process for the Production of Grass Biomethane

被引:198
作者
Nizami, Abdul-Sattar
Korres, Nicholas E.
Murphy, Jerry D. [1 ]
机构
[1] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cork, Ireland
关键词
MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; 2-STAGE ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; LIQUID HOT-WATER; ENERGY CROPS; CO-DIGESTION; METHANE PRODUCTION; LOLIUM-PERENNE; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; ORGANIC FRACTION;
D O I
10.1021/es901533j
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Production of grass biomethane is an integrated process which involves numerous stages with numerous permutations. The grass grown can be of numerous species, and it can involve numerous cuts. The lignocellulosic content of grass increases with maturity of grass; the first cut offers more methane potential than the later cuts. Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) are higher (and as such methane potential is higher) for grass cut in the afternoon as opposed to that cut in the morning. The method of ensiling has a significant effect on the dry solids content of the grass silage. Pit or clamp silage in southern Germany and Austria has a solids content of about 40%;warm dry summers allow wilting of the grass before ensiling. In temperate oceanic climates like Ireland, pit silage has a solids content of about 21% while bale silage has a solids content of 32%. Biogas production is related to mass of volatile solids rather than mass of silage; typically one ton of volatile solid produces 300 m(3) of methane. The dry solids content of the silage has a significant impact on the biodigester configuration. Silage with a high solids content would lend itself to a two-stage process; a leach bed where volatile solids are converted to a leachate high in chemical oxygen demand (COD), followed by an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket where the COD can be converted efficiently to CH4. Alternative configurations include wet continuous processes such as the ubiquitous continuously stirred tank reactor; this necessitates significant dilution of the feedstock to effect a solids content of 12%. Various pretreatment methods may be employed especially if the hydrolytic step is separated from the methanogenic step. Size reduction, thermal, and enzymatic methodologies are used. Good digester design is to seek to emulate the cow,thus rumen fluid offers great potential for hydrolysis.
引用
收藏
页码:8496 / 8508
页数:13
相关论文
共 139 条
[1]   Biodegradation of agroindustrial wastes by Pleurotus spp for its use as ruminant feed [J].
Albores, Silvana ;
Julia Pianzzola, Maria ;
Soubes, Matilde ;
Pia Cerdeiras, Maria .
ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2006, 9 (03) :215-220
[2]   Methane production through anaerobic digestion of various energy crops grown in sustainable crop rotations [J].
Amon, Thomas ;
Amon, Barbara ;
Kryvoruchko, Vitally ;
Machmueller, Andrea ;
Hopfner-Sixt, Katharina ;
Bodiroza, Vitomir ;
Hrbek, Regina ;
Friedel, Juergen ;
Poetsch, Erich ;
Wagentristl, Helmut ;
Schreiner, Matthias ;
Zollitsch, Werner .
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, 2007, 98 (17) :3204-3212
[3]  
[Anonymous], 2008, COUNTRY PASTURE FORA
[4]  
[Anonymous], 2003, Off J Eur Union
[5]  
[Anonymous], 1991, WOOD CELLULOSIC CHEM
[6]   Effect of acid speciation on solid waste liquefaction in an anaerobic acid digester [J].
Babel, S ;
Fukushi, K ;
Sitanrassamee, B .
WATER RESEARCH, 2004, 38 (09) :2417-2423
[7]  
BANNINK A, 2007, THESIS WAGENINGEN U
[8]   The effects of cutting intensity and neighbour species on plants of Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa trivialis and Trifolium repens [J].
Barthram, GT ;
Bolton, GR ;
Elston, DA .
AGRONOMIE, 1999, 19 (06) :445-456
[9]  
BAUER A, 2007, P 5 RES DEV C CENT 2, V2, P20
[10]   HYDROTHERMAL DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS DERIVED FROM PLANTS [J].
BOBLETER, O .
PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE, 1994, 19 (05) :797-841