Langmuir-Blodgett (L-B) multilayer films

Many multilayer Langmuir-Blodgett films of saturated long-chain fatty acids and multivalent metals reported in the scientific literature are isostructural with bulk soap phases. The conventional view that these films feature the ''hairpin'' arrangement of double-chain amphiphiles in self-assembled lamellae appears to be invalid beyond the monolayer for many fatty acid/metal (II, III) films. The chains undergo a remarkable conformation transition from a ''hairpin'' to a ''splayed-chain'' structure after more monolayers are deposited. This previously undescribed conformational transition is considered to play a major role in the ''overturning'' phenomena and ''island'' formation observed in these L-B films.