Adolescent modeling of parent substance use: The moderating effect of the relationship with the parent

This study examined a hypothesis derived from social learning theory, that adolescents would be more likely to model the substance use of each parent if they had a relatively good relationship with the parent than if their relationship with that parent was relatively poor. Data from 657 adolescents (51% female; 11 to 15 years of age at the Ist assessment), 357 fathers, and 633 mothers across a 6-year assessment period were used for these analyses. As hypothesized, all adolescents modeled mother's cigarette use and father's marijuana use, older adolescents modeled mother's marijuana use and younger girls and older boys modeled father's alcohol use if they had a relatively good or moderate relationship with that parent but did not model their parent's use if the relationship with that parent was relatively poor. Caution is noted in assuming that relatively good relationships with a parent are always protective.