Clinicopathologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with compensated cirrhosis surviving more than 10 years after curative hepatectomy

Background: The aim of this study was to clarify the clinicopathologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with compensated cirrhosis surviving more than 10 years after initial hepatectomy. Study Design: Among 250 patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC between 1987 and 1994 at our institute, 145 patients who had Child-Pugh class A liver function and who underwent curative resection were included in this study. Clinicopathologic factors in 10-year survivors and patients who died within 10 years (nonsurvivors) were compared, and the prognostic factors affecting survival were identified. Results: There were 29 patients who survived for more than 10 years after initial hepatectomy, and 9 of those patients survived without cancer recurrence. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 76.2%, 53.0%, and 26.9% respectively. The corresponding disease-free survival rates were 43.1%, 25.7%, and 9.9% respectively. In multivariate analysis, liver fibrosis grade F0-2, female gender, ICG-R15 value of less than 15%, and absence of microscopic vascular invasion were favorable independent factors associated with 10-year survival. Disease-free interval after initial hepatectomy in 10-year survivors with recurrence was significantly longer than that in nonsurvivors with recurrence, 5.1 and 1.9 years respectively (P = 0.0004). The number of intrahepatic recurrent nodules in 10-year survivors tended to be fewer than that in nonsurvivors. Conclusions: Based on the results of our study, liver fibrosis grade F0-2, female gender, ICG-R15 value of less than 15% and absence of microscopic vascular invasion at initial hepatectomy might be biologically favorable conditions for long-term survival. Close follow-up as well as multimodal treatment could contribute to prolongation of survival in such patients, even if HCC recurrence develops.