Man-made chemicals found in remote areas of the world: The experimental definition for POPS

被引:27
作者
Ballschmiter, K
Hackenberg, R
Jarman, WM
Looser, R
机构
[1] Univ Ulm, Dept Analyt & Environm Chem, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
[2] Univ Utah, Civil & Environm Engn Energy & Geosci Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
[3] Metan GmbH & Co KGaA, D-10589 Berlin, Germany
关键词
bioaccumulation; brominated compounds; environmental chemistry; global distribution; modeling; organochlorines; PCBs; persistence; persistent organic pollutants (POPs); POPs (persistent organic pollutants);
D O I
10.1007/BF02987503
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Members of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN-ECE) signed a legally binding protocol on persistent organic pollutants (POPS) in February 1998 under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. A treaty that intends to control the production, import, export, disposal and use of toxic chemicals that persist for decades in the environment has been formally signed at a conference in May 2001 in Stockholm. The 2001 POP treaty, like the 1998 LRTAP POP protocol, contains a provision on adding further chemicals to the initial group of twelve or fifteen. The occurrence of a compound or a group of compounds in so called remote and pristine areas, e.g. in the Artic or in the Southern Hemisphere, proves its stability under the chemical and biological conditions of the environment. Compounds identified in this way, in samples taken primarily in very remote regions of the planet, are classified by their environmental fate and global distribution as persistent organic pollutants (POPS), regardless of any political assessments.
引用
收藏
页码:274 / 288
页数:15
相关论文
共 251 条
[1]   APPEARANCE OF CHLORINATED BIPHENYLS AND HEXACHLOROBENZENE ALONG WITH INSECTICIDES IN HUMAN MILK AND FAT TISSUES [J].
ACKER, L ;
SCHULTE, E .
NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN, 1970, 57 (10) :497-+
[2]   BEHAVIOR OF ALKYLPHENOL POLYETHOXYLATE SURFACTANTS IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT .2. OCCURRENCE AND TRANSFORMATION IN RIVERS [J].
AHEL, M ;
GIGER, W ;
SCHAFFNER, C .
WATER RESEARCH, 1994, 28 (05) :1143-1152
[3]   BEHAVIOR OF ALKYLPHENOL POLYETHOXYLATE SURFACTANTS IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT .1. OCCURRENCE AND TRANSFORMATION IN SEWAGE-TREATMENT [J].
AHEL, M ;
GIGER, W ;
KOCH, M .
WATER RESEARCH, 1994, 28 (05) :1131-1142
[4]   Dioxins in the environment: A review of trend data [J].
Alcock, RE ;
Jones, KC .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 1996, 30 (11) :3133-3143
[5]   A congener-specific method for the quantification of camphechlor (toxaphene) residues in fish and other foodstuffs [J].
Alder, L ;
Vieth, B .
FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1996, 354 (01) :81-92
[6]   AUTOTOXIC ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION BY A MARINE CHROMOBACTERIUM [J].
ANDERSEN, RJ ;
WOLFE, MS ;
FAULKNER, DJ .
MARINE BIOLOGY, 1974, 27 (04) :281-285
[7]  
[Anonymous], 1974, CHEM PCBS
[8]   A new sample preparation technique for organochlorines in cod liver oil combining SPE and NP-HPLC with HRGC-ECD [J].
Arend, MW ;
Ballschmiter, K .
FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 2000, 366 (04) :324-328
[9]  
AREND MW, 2001, DIV ENV CHEM ACS SAN, V41, P90
[10]  
Arunabha Chakravarty, 1996, Pesticide Research Journal, V8, P164