Distribution and drift of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) eggs and larvae on the northeast Newfoundland Shelf

We present the results of a study designed to ascertain the importance of variations in transport of cod eggs and larvae on the northeast Newfoundland Shelf. The distribution of cod eggs and larvae is described from a series of ichthyoplankton surveys. The mean and variance in surface currents were estimated from five experiments in which clusters of drogued satellite-tracked drifters were released at the presumed northern limit of the stock's range. These data were used to project the patterns of drift both backward and forward in time and thus the possible sources and destinations of eggs and larvae. Considering the development from the youngest (stage I) to the oldest stages (larvae), we saw a north-to-south and an offshore-to-inshore progression in spatial patterns of spawning and a continuing increase in the overall level of dispersion with increasing age of offspring. The data do not support the hypothesis that coastal or offshore areas represent simple sources or sinks of cod eggs and larvae. Transport plays an important but highly variable role that is coupled to the spawning distribution of adult fish and the availability of suitable conditions or habitats when the young begin to undergo metamorphosis and settle.