Development and Characterization of a Novel, Antimicrobial, Sterile Hydrogel Dressing for Burn Wounds: Single-Step Production with Gamma Irradiation Creates Silver Nanoparticles and Radical Polymerization

Patients with burn wounds are susceptible to wound infection and sepsis. This research introduces a novel burn wound dressing that contains silver nanoparticles (SNPs) to treat infection in a 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPS-Na+) hydrogel. Silver nitrate was dissolved in AMPS-Na+ solution and then exposed to gamma irradiation to form SNP-infused hydrogels. The gamma irradiation results in a cross-linked polymeric network of sterile hydrogel dressing and a reduction of silver ions to form SNPs infused in the hydrogel in a one-step process. About 80% of the total silver was released from the hydrogels after 72 h immersion in simulated body fluid solution; therefore, they could be used on wounds for up to 3 days. All the hydrogels were found to be nontoxic to normal human dermal fibroblast cells. The silver-loaded hydrogels had good inhibitory action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Results from a pilot study on a porcine burn model showed that the 5-mM silver hydrogel was efficient at preventing bacterial colonization of wounds, and the results were comparable to the commercially available silver dressings (Acticoat(TM), PolyMem Silver((R))). These results support its use as a potential burn wound dressing. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:3244-3253, 2014