Early diabetes-related complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes - Implications for screening and intervention

This article focusses on the natural history and pathogenesis of diabetes-related complications, risk factors, appropriate methods of screening for their presence, and effective interventions for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Emphasis is placed on the need for good metabolic control, avoidance of smoking, and vigorous management of hypertension. Information about complications should be provided to the patient at the onset of disease and reinforced throughout its course. Appropriate screening and intervention can significantly reduce early morbidity and mortality.