Optical coherence tomography in group 2A idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis

Objective: To describe the changes observed with optical coherence tomography in group 2A idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 13 patients (25 eyes). All eyes underwent optical coherence tomography examination consisting of 6 radial scans, fundus color photography, and fluorescein angiography. We calculated retinal foveal and central foveal thicknesses from software mapping results. We compared the optical coherence tomography data with fundus photography and fluorescein angiography findings. Results: Foveal cystoid spaces, very small or more prominent, were present in 20 of 25 eyes. Some degree of disruption of the inner segment/outer segment photoreceptor junction line was observed in 18 eyes as from stage 2 of idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis, and intraretinal pigmentary proliferation was observed in 9. A foveal detachment without subretinal new vessels was also present in 2 eyes. Despite these abnormalities, central foveal thickness was below or within the range of reference values in all eyes; foveal thickness, in 23 of 25. In the more advanced cases, severe disruption of the inner segment/outer segment photoreceptor junction line and outer retinal atrophy were seen. Conclusions: Early in the evolution of group 2A idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis, the optical coherence tomography examination disclosed intraretinal cystoid spaces without foveal thickening and disruption of the inner segment/outer segment photoreceptor junction line. Foveal thinning was present in later stages.