Application and Evaluation of an Explicit Prognostic Cloud-Cover Scheme in GRAPES Global Forecast System

被引:74
作者
Ma, Zhanshan [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ]
Liu, Qijun [4 ,5 ]
Zhao, Chuanfeng [1 ,2 ,3 ,6 ]
Shen, Xueshun [4 ,5 ]
Wang, Yuan [6 ,7 ]
Jiang, Jonathan H. [7 ]
Li, Zhe [4 ,5 ]
Yung, Yuk [6 ]
机构
[1] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing, Peoples R China
[2] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China
[3] Beijing Normal Univ, Joint Ctr Global Change Studies, Beijing, Peoples R China
[4] Natl Meteorol Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China
[5] China Meteorol Adm, Numer Weather Predict Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China
[6] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[7] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA
基金
中国国家自然科学基金; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
ERA-INTERIM; CLIMATE; FRACTION; PARAMETERIZATION; CONVECTION; CONDENSATION; CIRCULATION; RADIATION; MODELS; CERES;
D O I
10.1002/2017MS001234
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
An explicit prognostic cloud-cover scheme (PROGCS) is implemented into the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System (GRAPES) for global middle-range numerical weather predication system (GRAPES_GFS) to improve the model performance in simulating cloud cover and radiation. Unlike the previous diagnostic cloud-cover scheme (DIAGCS), PROGCS considers the formation and dissipation of cloud cover by physically connecting it to the cumulus convection and large-scale stratiform condensation processes. Our simulation results show that clouds in mid-high latitudes arise mainly from large-scale stratiform condensation processes, while cumulus convection and large-scale condensation processes jointly determine cloud cover in low latitudes. Compared with DIAGCS, PROGCS captures more consistent vertical distributions of cloud cover with the observations from Atmospheric Radiation Measurements (ARM) program at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site and simulates more realistic diurnal cycle of marine stratocumulus with the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. The low, high, and total cloud covers that are determined via PROGCS appear to be more realistic than those simulated via DIAGCS when both are compared with satellite retrievals though the former maintains slight negative biases. In addition, the simulations of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) from PROGCS runs have been considerably improved as well, resulting in less biases in radiative heating rates at heights below 850 hPa and above 400 hPa of GRAPES_GFS. Our results indicate that a prognostic method of cloud-cover calculation has significant advantage over the conventional diagnostic one, and it should be adopted in both weather and climate simulation and forecast.
引用
收藏
页码:652 / 667
页数:16
相关论文
共 81 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], CLIMATE CHANGE 2013
[2]  
ARAKAWA A, 1974, J ATMOS SCI, V31, P674, DOI 10.1175/1520-0469(1974)031<0674:IOACCE>2.0.CO
[3]  
2
[4]   Production of ice in tropospheric clouds - A review [J].
Cantrell, W ;
Heymsfield, A .
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2005, 86 (06) :795-807
[5]  
[陈小敏 Chen Xiaomin], 2007, [气象, Meteorological Monthly], V33, P33
[6]  
Cotton W.R., 1989, Storm and Cloud Dynamics
[7]  
[戴福山 Dai Fushan], 2004, [气象学报, Acta Meteorologica Sinica], V62, P385
[8]   The Common Land Model [J].
Dai, YJ ;
Zeng, XB ;
Dickinson, RE ;
Baker, I ;
Bonan, GB ;
Bosilovich, MG ;
Denning, AS ;
Dirmeyer, PA ;
Houser, PR ;
Niu, GY ;
Oleson, KW ;
Schlosser, CA ;
Yang, ZL .
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2003, 84 (08) :1013-1023
[9]   The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system [J].
Dee, D. P. ;
Uppala, S. M. ;
Simmons, A. J. ;
Berrisford, P. ;
Poli, P. ;
Kobayashi, S. ;
Andrae, U. ;
Balmaseda, M. A. ;
Balsamo, G. ;
Bauer, P. ;
Bechtold, P. ;
Beljaars, A. C. M. ;
van de Berg, L. ;
Bidlot, J. ;
Bormann, N. ;
Delsol, C. ;
Dragani, R. ;
Fuentes, M. ;
Geer, A. J. ;
Haimberger, L. ;
Healy, S. B. ;
Hersbach, H. ;
Holm, E. V. ;
Isaksen, L. ;
Kallberg, P. ;
Koehler, M. ;
Matricardi, M. ;
McNally, A. P. ;
Monge-Sanz, B. M. ;
Morcrette, J. -J. ;
Park, B. -K. ;
Peubey, C. ;
de Rosnay, P. ;
Tavolato, C. ;
Thepaut, J. -N. ;
Vitart, F. .
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2011, 137 (656) :553-597
[10]   GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part I: Formulation and simulation characteristics [J].
Delworth, TL ;
Broccoli, AJ ;
Rosati, A ;
Stouffer, RJ ;
Balaji, V ;
Beesley, JA ;
Cooke, WF ;
Dixon, KW ;
Dunne, J ;
Dunne, KA ;
Durachta, JW ;
Findell, KL ;
Ginoux, P ;
Gnanadesikan, A ;
Gordon, CT ;
Griffies, SM ;
Gudgel, R ;
Harrison, MJ ;
Held, IM ;
Hemler, RS ;
Horowitz, LW ;
Klein, SA ;
Knutson, TR ;
Kushner, PJ ;
Langenhorst, AR ;
Lee, HC ;
Lin, SJ ;
Lu, J ;
Malyshev, SL ;
Milly, PCD ;
Ramaswamy, V ;
Russell, J ;
Schwarzkopf, MD ;
Shevliakova, E ;
Sirutis, JJ ;
Spelman, MJ ;
Stern, WF ;
Winton, M ;
Wittenberg, AT ;
Wyman, B ;
Zeng, F ;
Zhang, R .
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2006, 19 (05) :643-674