Assembly of mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase, a complicated and highly regulated cellular process

被引:194
作者
Fontanesi, Flavia
Soto, Ileana C.
Horn, Darryl
Barrientos, Antoni [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Miami, FL 33136 USA
[2] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, John T Macdonald Fdn Ctr Med Genet, Miami, FL 33136 USA
来源
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY | 2006年 / 291卷 / 06期
关键词
systems biology; proteomics; genomics; transcription; translation;
D O I
10.1152/ajpcell.00233.2006
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Cytochrome c-oxidase (COX), the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, plays a key role in the regulation of aerobic production of energy. Biogenesis of eukaryotic COX involves the coordinated action of two genomes. Three mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunits form the catalytic core of the enzyme, which contains metal prosthetic groups. Another 10 subunits encoded in the nuclear DNA act as a protective shield surrounding the core. COX biogenesis requires the assistance of > 20 additional nuclear-encoded factors acting at all levels of the process. Expression of the mitochondrial-encoded subunits, expression and import of the nuclear-encoded subunits, insertion of the structural subunits into the mitochondrial inner membrane, addition of prosthetic groups, assembly of the holoenzyme, further maturation to form a dimer, and additional assembly into supercomplexes are all tightly regulated processes in a nuclear-mitochondrial-coordinated fashion. Such regulation ensures the building of a highly efficient machine able to catalyze the safe transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and ultimately facilitate the aerobic production of ATP. In this review, we will focus on describing and analyzing the present knowledge about the different regulatory checkpoints in COX assembly and the dynamic relationships between the different factors involved in the process. We have used information mostly obtained from the suitable yeast model, but also from bacterial and animal systems, by means of large-scale genetic, molecular biology, and physiological approaches and by integrating information concerning individual elements into a cellular system network.
引用
收藏
页码:C1129 / C1147
页数:19
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