Air pollution and health

被引:3562
作者
Brunekreef, B
Holgate, ST
机构
[1] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands
[2] Southampton Gen Hosp, Sch Med, RCMB Div, Southampton SO9 4XY, Hants, England
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 [临床医学]; 100201 [内科学];
摘要
The health effects of air pollution have been subject to intense study in recent years. Exposure to pollutants such as airborne particulate matter and ozone has been associated with increases in mortality and hospital admissions due to respiratory and cardiovascular disease. These effects have been found in short-term studies, which relate day-to-day variations in air pollution and health, and long-term studies, which have followed cohorts of exposed individuals over time. Effects have been seen at very low levels of exposure, and it is unclear whether a threshold concentration exists for particulate matter and ozone below which no effects on health are likely. In this review, we discuss the evidence for adverse effects on health of selected air pollutants.
引用
收藏
页码:1233 / 1242
页数:10
相关论文
共 147 条
[1]
Long-term inhalable particles and other air pollutants related to mortality in nonsmokers [J].
Abbey, DE ;
Nishino, N ;
McDonnell, WF ;
Burchette, RJ ;
Knutsen, SF ;
Beeson, WL ;
Yang, JX .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 1999, 159 (02) :373-382
[2]
Lung function and long term exposure to air pollutants in Switzerland [J].
AckermannLiebrich, U ;
Leuenberger, P ;
Schwartz, J ;
Schindler, C ;
Monn, C ;
Bolognini, C ;
Bongard, JP ;
Brandli, O ;
Domenighetti, G ;
Elsasser, S ;
Grize, L ;
Karrer, W ;
Keller, R ;
KellerWossidlo, H ;
Kunzli, N ;
Martin, BW ;
Medici, TC ;
Perruchoud, AP ;
Schoni, MH ;
Tschopp, JM ;
Villiger, B ;
Wuthrich, B ;
Zellweger, JP ;
Zemp, E .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 1997, 155 (01) :122-129
[3]
Particulate matter and daily mortality and hospital admissions in the west midlands conurbation of the United Kingdom: associations with fine and coarse particles, black smoke and sulphate [J].
Anderson, HR ;
Bremner, SA ;
Atkinson, RW ;
Harrison, RM ;
Walters, S .
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE, 2001, 58 (08) :504-510
[4]
Acute effects of particulate air pollution on respiratory admissions - Results from APHEA 2 project [J].
Atkinson, RW ;
Anderson, HR ;
Sunyer, J ;
Ayres, J ;
Baccini, M ;
Vonk, JM ;
Boumghar, A ;
Forastiere, F ;
Forsberg, B ;
Touloumi, G ;
Schwartz, J ;
Katsouyanni, K .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 2001, 164 (10) :1860-1866
[5]
Respiratory effects of relocating to areas of differing air pollution levels [J].
Avol, EL ;
Gauderman, WJ ;
Tan, SM ;
London, SJ ;
Peters, JM .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 2001, 164 (11) :2067-2072
[6]
Inflammatory cell availability affects ozone-induced lung damage [J].
Bassett, D ;
Elbon-Copp, C ;
Otterbein, S ;
Barraclough-Mitchell, H ;
DeLorme, M ;
Yang, H .
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A, 2001, 64 (07) :547-565
[7]
Effect of ozone and nitrogen dioxide on the release of proinflammatory mediators from bronchial epithelial cells of nonatopic nonasthmatic subjects and atopic asthmatic patients in vitro [J].
Bayram, H ;
Sapsford, RJ ;
Abdelaziz, MM ;
Khair, OA .
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, 2001, 107 (02) :287-294
[8]
Worldwide variation in prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic eczema:: ISAAC [J].
Beasley, R ;
Keil, U ;
von Mutius, E ;
Pearce, N ;
Aït-Khaled, N ;
Anabwani, G ;
Anderson, HR ;
Asher, MI ;
Björkstéin, B ;
Burr, ML ;
Clayton, TO ;
Crane, J ;
Ellwood, P ;
Lai, CKW ;
Mallol, J ;
Martinez, FD ;
Mitchell, EA ;
Montefort, S ;
Robertson, CF ;
Shah, JR ;
Sibbald, B ;
Stewart, AW ;
Strachan, DP ;
Weiland, SK ;
Williams, HC .
LANCET, 1998, 351 (9111) :1225-1232
[9]
Agglomerates of ultrafine particles of elemental carbon and TiO2 induce generation of lipid mediators in alveolar macrophages [J].
Beck-Speier, I ;
Dayal, N ;
Karg, E ;
Maier, KL ;
Roth, C ;
Ziesenis, A ;
Heyder, J .
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, 2001, 109 :613-618
[10]
Reassessment of the lethal London fog of 1952: Novel indicators of acute and chronic consequences of acute exposure to air pollution [J].
Bell, ML ;
Davis, DL .
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, 2001, 109 :389-394