Cause and response: vulnerability and climate in the Anthropocene

被引:341
作者
Ribot, Jesse [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,9 ,10 ]
机构
[1] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA
[2] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Chicago, IL 60680 USA
[3] World Resources Inst, Washington, DC 20002 USA
[4] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[5] New Sch Social Res, New York, NY 10011 USA
[6] Yale Program Agr Studies, New Haven, CT USA
[7] Rutgers Ctr Crit Anal Contemporary Culture, New Brunswick, NJ USA
[8] Max Planck Inst Social Anthropol, Halle, Germany
[9] Woodrow Wilson Int Ctr Scholars, Washington, DC USA
[10] Harvard Ctr Populat & Dev Studies, Cambridge, MA USA
关键词
access; adaptation; Anthropocene; climate change; emancipation; representation; risk; vulnerability; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; ADAPTATION; FRAMEWORK; RESILIENCE; RISK; SUSTAINABILITY; INSTITUTIONS; ENTITLEMENTS; LIVELIHOODS; HOUSEHOLD;
D O I
10.1080/03066150.2014.894911
中图分类号
Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
030303 ;
摘要
Causal analysis of vulnerability aims to identify root causes of crises so that transformative solutions might be found. Yet root-cause analysis is absent from most climate response assessments. Framings for climate-change risk analysis often locate causality in hazards while attributing some causal weight to proximate social variables such as poverty or lack of capacity. They rarely ask why capacity is lacking, assets are inadequate or social protections are absent or fail. This contribution frames vulnerability and security as matters of access to assets and social protections. Assets and social protections each have their own context-contingent causal chains. A key recursive element in those causal chains is the ability - means and powers - of vulnerable people to influence the political economy that shapes their assets and social protections. Vulnerability is, as Sen rightly observed, linked to the lack of freedom - the freedom to influence the political economy that shapes these entitlements. In the Anthropocene, human causes of climate hazard must also now be accounted for in etiologies of disaster. However, attention to anthropogenic climate change should not occlude social causes of (and responsibility for) vulnerability - vulnerability is still produced in and by society.
引用
收藏
页码:667 / 705
页数:39
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