The effects of the early uterine environment on the subsequent development of embryo and fetus

被引:93
作者
Barnes, FL [1 ]
机构
[1] IVF Labs LLC, Salt Lake City, UT 84117 USA
关键词
progesterone; growth factors; uterus; Large Offspring Syndrome;
D O I
10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00264-2
中图分类号
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Synchrony between the embryo and the uterine endometrium is essential for the establishment of pregnancy and birth in people and livestock. When asynchronous conditions occur a variety of complication result that include failure of the embryo to implant, early embryonic mortality, retarded development and growth, and accelerated development and growth. These complications all appear to be induced within the first week of embryo development and not withstanding the immediate endpoint of large or small size at birth, may alter the course of development throughout the life of the animal. Progesterone appears to play a causative role in establishing the abnormal growth of the fetus by decelerating or accelerating embryonic development. This may act through increasing the transport of blood born growth factors into the uterine lumen or by stimulating the release of growth factors from the endometrium directly. It can not be ruled out that progesterone mediated abundance of, or absence of, appropriate nutrition may bring about the same lifelong outcome. In vitro culture situations that include serum and/or co-culture can also bring about these abnormalities of growth. It is hypothesized that exposure to growth factors "out of phase" may result in an irreversible induction of abnormal development. The described abnormalities that occur in sheep and cattle have not yet been described for children resulting from lVF. (C) 1999 by Elsevier Science Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:649 / 658
页数:10
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