Serum Levels of Angiogenic Molecules in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Their Correlation with Laboratory and Clinical Features

Context: Because angiogenesis has a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions, we studied angiogenesis soluble markers in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Objective: The aim of the study was to measure concentrations of angiopoietins, Tie-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor in sera from autoimmune thyroid disease patients. Design: Soluble Tie-2 (sTie-2), angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor were quantified by ELISA in sera from 44 untreated Graves' disease (GD) patients, 25 untreated Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients, 13 non-GD hyperthyroid patients, and 22 age-matched controls. Subgroups of patients with active and non-active Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) were analyzed. Correlations among these markers and clinical parameters were assessed by bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results: sTie-2 levels were higher in GD or HT patients compared to controls (P < 0.01). In addition, serum Ang-2 concentrations were higher in untreated GD patients compared to controls, HT patients, or non-GD hyperthyroid patients (P < 0.01), and no difference was observed between HT patients and controls. Significant correlations were found between free T-4/sTie-2 and free T-4/Ang-2 levels (r = 0.464, P < 0.01; and r = 0.463, P < 0.01, respectively) as well as betweens Tie-2/anti-TSH receptor antibody (r = 0.527; P < 0.01) and sTie-2/Ang-2 (r = 0.563; P = 0.001). Furthermore, sTie-2 levels were significantly higher in patients with active GO when compared to those with inactive GO (P < 0.05). Interestingly, Ang-2 levels decreased significantly after treatment with antithyroid drugs (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Ang-2 and sTie-2 could participate in the pathogenesis of GD and potentially be used as markers of GO activity. Antithyroid drugs affect the angiogenic pattern in GD. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94: 1145-1153, 2009)