Endothelial function - A critical determinant in atherosclerosis?

被引:637
作者
Landmesser, U [1 ]
Hornig, B [1 ]
Drexler, H [1 ]
机构
[1] Hannover Med Sch, Abt Kardiol & Angiol, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
关键词
atherosclerosis; C-reactive protein; endothelium; inflammation; nitric oxide; thrombosis;
D O I
10.1161/01.CIR.0000129501.88485.1f
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Common conditions predisposing to atherosclerosis, such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial function has largely been assessed as endothelium-dependent vasomotion, at least in part based on the assumption that impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation also reflects the alteration of other important functions of the endothelium. An important rationale for this approach has been the observation that endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO), a major mediator of endothelium-dependent vasodilation, has important anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties, ie, inhibiting leukocyte adhesion, limiting platelet adhesion and aggregation, and the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-I (PAI-1), a prothrombotic protein. Accumulating data suggest that the degree of impairment of endothelium-dependent vasomotion has profound and independent prognostic implications. A common mechanism underlying endothelial dysfunction relates to increased vascular production of reactive oxygen species. Recent studies also suggest that inflammation per se and C-reactive protein in particular may directly contribute to endothelial dysfunction. These findings raise the question of whether assessment of endothelial function can be used in the clinical setting to identify patients at high risk. New insights into mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction, such as a better understanding of the regulation of important vascular sources of oxygen radicals, may lead to novel therapeutic strategies with the potential to improve prognosis.
引用
收藏
页码:27 / 33
页数:7
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