Root gravitropism: An experimental tool to investigate basic cellular and molecular processes underlying mechanosensing and signal transmission in plants

被引:109
作者
Boonsirichai, K [1 ]
Guan, C [1 ]
Chen, R [1 ]
Masson, PH [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA
关键词
gravity signal transduction; auxin transport; auxin response;
D O I
10.1146/annurev.arplant.53.100301.135158
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
The ability of plant organs to use gravity as a guide for growth, named gravitropism, has been recognized for over two centuries. This growth response to the environment contributes significantly to the upward growth of shoots and the downward growth of roots commonly observed throughout the plant kingdom. Root gravitropism has received a great deal of attention because there is a physical separation between the primary site for gravity sensing, located in the root cap, and the site of differential growth response, located in the elongation zones (EZs). Hence, this system allows identification and characterization of different phases of gravitropism, including gravity perception, signal transduction, signal transmission, and curvature response. Recent studies support some aspects of an old model for gravity sensing, which postulates that root-cap columellar amyloplasts constitute the susceptors for gravity perception. Such studies have also allowed the identification of several molecules that appear to function as second messengers in gravity signal transduction and of potential signal transducers. Auxin has been implicated as a probable component of the signal that carries the gravitropic information between the gravity-sensing cap and the gravity-responding EZs. This has allowed the identification and characterization of important molecular processes underlying auxin transport and response in plants. New molecular models can be elaborated to explain how the gravity signal transduction pathway might regulate the polarity of auxin transport in roots. Further studies are required to test these models, as well as to study the molecular mechanisms underlying a poorly characterized phase of gravitropism that is independent of an auxin gradient.
引用
收藏
页码:421 / 447
页数:31
相关论文
共 140 条
  • [1] THE PS-IAA4/5-LIKE FAMILY OF EARLY AUXIN-INDUCIBLE MESSENGER-RNAS IN ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA
    ABEL, S
    NGUYEN, MD
    THEOLOGIS, A
    [J]. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 1995, 251 (04) : 533 - 549
  • [2] EARLY AUXIN-INDUCED GENES ENCODE SHORT-LIVED NUCLEAR PROTEINS
    ABEL, S
    OELLER, PW
    THEOLOGIS, A
    [J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1994, 91 (01) : 326 - 330
  • [3] QUANTITATIVE CHANGES IN CALMODULIN AND NAD KINASE DURING EARLY CELL-DEVELOPMENT IN THE ROOT APEX OF PISUM-SATIVUM-L
    ALLAN, E
    TREWAVAS, A
    [J]. PLANTA, 1985, 165 (04) : 493 - 501
  • [4] Analysis of the genome sequence of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana
    Kaul, S
    Koo, HL
    Jenkins, J
    Rizzo, M
    Rooney, T
    Tallon, LJ
    Feldblyum, T
    Nierman, W
    Benito, MI
    Lin, XY
    Town, CD
    Venter, JC
    Fraser, CM
    Tabata, S
    Nakamura, Y
    Kaneko, T
    Sato, S
    Asamizu, E
    Kato, T
    Kotani, H
    Sasamoto, S
    Ecker, JR
    Theologis, A
    Federspiel, NA
    Palm, CJ
    Osborne, BI
    Shinn, P
    Conway, AB
    Vysotskaia, VS
    Dewar, K
    Conn, L
    Lenz, CA
    Kim, CJ
    Hansen, NF
    Liu, SX
    Buehler, E
    Altafi, H
    Sakano, H
    Dunn, P
    Lam, B
    Pham, PK
    Chao, Q
    Nguyen, M
    Yu, GX
    Chen, HM
    Southwick, A
    Lee, JM
    Miranda, M
    Toriumi, MJ
    Davis, RW
    [J]. NATURE, 2000, 408 (6814) : 796 - 815
  • [5] Specialized zones of development in roots: View from the cellular level
    Baluska, F
    Volkmann, D
    Barlow, PW
    [J]. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 1996, 112 (01) : 3 - 4
  • [6] DISTRIBUTION AND REDISTRIBUTION OF EXTENSION GROWTH ALONG VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL GRAVIREACTING MAIZE ROOTS
    BARLOW, PW
    RATHFELDER, EL
    [J]. PLANTA, 1985, 165 (01) : 134 - 141
  • [7] Regulation of growth anisotropy in well-watered and water-stressed maize roots. II. Role of cortical microtubules and cellulose microfibrils
    Baskin, TI
    Meekes, HTHM
    Liang, BM
    Sharp, RE
    [J]. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 1999, 119 (02) : 681 - 692
  • [8] RAPID CHANGES IN THE PATTERN OF ELECTRIC-CURRENT AROUND THE ROOT-TIP OF LEPIDIUM-SATIVUM L FOLLOWING GRAVISTIMULATION
    BEHRENS, HM
    WEISENSEEL, MH
    SIEVERS, A
    [J]. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 1982, 70 (04) : 1079 - 1083
  • [9] MEMBRANE-POTENTIAL RESPONSES FOLLOWING GRAVISTIMULATION IN ROOTS OF LEPIDIUM-SATIVUM L
    BEHRENS, HM
    GRADMANN, D
    SIEVERS, A
    [J]. PLANTA, 1985, 163 (04) : 463 - 472
  • [10] Arabidopsis AUX1 gene: A permease-like regulator of root gravitropism
    Bennett, MJ
    Marchant, A
    Green, HG
    May, ST
    Ward, SP
    Millner, PA
    Walker, AR
    Schulz, B
    Feldmann, KA
    [J]. SCIENCE, 1996, 273 (5277) : 948 - 950