GPIb potentiates GPVI-induced responses in human platelets

Platelet adhesion to vascular subendothelial proteins at the site of blood vessel injury is critical for initiating haemostasis. Collagen is a major matrix protein that binds plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) when the endothelium becomes damaged and therefore in vivo platelets are likely to encounter both of these agonists simultaneously, through glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and alpha(2)beta(1) receptors for collagen and GPIb-V-IX and alpha(IIb)beta(3) receptors for vWF. We hypothesised a potentiatory role for vWF that would synergise with collagen leading to functional activation and show this to be the case for platelet aggregation, 5-HT secretion and calcium responses. Synergy between these two agonists is likely to involve receptors GPVI and GPIb-V-IX, for collagen and vWF, respectively, since 5-HT secretion in response to collagen is potentiated by vWF in the presence of either EGTA or EDTA, which prevent binding to integrins alpha(IIb)beta(3) (EGTA) or both alpha(IIb)beta(3) and alpha(2)beta(1) (EDTA). In addition, vWF is also able to potentiate 5-HT secretion responses to collagen-related peptide, confirming that GPVI is able to support synergy with vWF. These findings are important in that they reveal a novel role for vWF in platelet activation as a potentiator of platelet activation by collagen.