Sleep disturbances in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection

被引:27
作者
Franck, LS
Johnson, LM
Lee, K
Hepner, C
Lambert, L
Passeri, M
Manio, E
Dorenbaum, A
Wara, D
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, Dept Family Hlth Care Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Pediat Clin Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[4] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
关键词
human immunodeficiency virus infection; sleep; fatigue; actigraphy;
D O I
10.1542/peds.104.5.e62
中图分类号
R72 [儿科学];
学科分类号
100202 ;
摘要
Objective. To describe the sleep patterns and level of fatigue in children and adolescents (6-18 years of age) with HIV infection, compared with ethnic-, gender-, and age-matched healthy children in the home setting. Design. Descriptive, comparative. Setting. Conducted in each child's home environment. Study Participants. Eighteen HIV-infected and 15 noninfected children completed the study. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HIV classifications for the 18 HIV-infected children were: A (n = 7), B (n = 6), and C (n = 5). Methods. A symptom diary was developed using a previously validated fatigue assessment scale, modified for use with children. Content validity of the diary was established with a panel of 5 experts in child development and pediatric HIV disease. Children were asked to complete the diary each morning and evening for 3 days. Each child wore a wrist actigraph during the same period. Results. The HIV-infected children had significantly more wake time after sleep onset, compared with noninfected children (13.55% vs 7.47%). The HIV-infected children had more awakenings (25.33 vs 16.71) and were awake for longer periods (3.01 vs 1.01 minutes), compared with noninfected children. By parent report, 7 HIV-infected children napped and 2 noninfected children napped, indicating greater daytime fatigue in the HIV-infected children. HIV-infected children also reported a greater level of evening tiredness (2.47 vs 1.8). Conclusions. The findings from this study suggest that sleep disturbances occur in HIV-infected children, similar to findings previously described in HIV-infected adults. Additional research is necessary to characterize the nature and patterns of sleep disturbance and fatigue related to pediatric HIV-infection, to assess the impact these may have on daily activities, and to develop strategies to improve sleep for these children.
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页数:5
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