It has been proposed from crystallographic comparisons [Fisher, A. J., Smith, C. A., Thoden, J. B., Smith, R., Sutoh, K., Holden, H. M., & Rayment, I. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 8960-8972] that in one of the important transitions of myosin head (M), M . ATP --> M . ADP . P-i, a rotation occurs in Gly(468) (of chicken smooth muscle myosin). We find that mutation of this Gly to Ala does block the transition. Searching for proton accepters in ATPase catalysis, we also find that mutation of a candidate (Glu(470) of chicken smooth muscle myosin) blocks the transition. Interpretations of both findings are examined.