Biological challenges for certification of tropical timber

Ecological certification of forest products is a rapidly developing market-based incentive for better forest management. Improved forest management can be an important component of tropical conservation and development strategies. To provide a solid biophysical basis for certification programs, however, research is needed on the ecological and silvicultural consequences of different forest management practices. The current criteria for certification are generally based on sustainability of timber harvest volumes, protection of hydrological functions, maintenance of soil productivity and forest structure, and minimization of the deleterious impacts of forest management on non-commercial plants and animals. Some criteria and the field indicators used in their assessment apply equally well to most forests, whereas others are only appropriate for certain forest types, stands, or species. Tropical biologists can contribute to the processes of refining eco-certification criteria and selecting ecologically meaningful indicators of good forest management that can be readily assessed and monitored. participation of tropical biologists in the design of ecological certification protocols will improve credibility of the process and promote better forest stewardship.