Hydroxyapatite cement paste cranioplasty for the treatment of temporal hollowing after cranial vault remodeling in a growing child

Postoperative depression of the temporal fossae and calvarial contour deficits are common sequelae following orbital rim advancement and cranial vault remodeling in children. Reconstructive options in the growing child are limited. Autogenous bone graft has a high rate of resorption when placed as an onlay to augment the craniofacial skeleton, and many of the available alloplasts will not remodel to adapt to the growing calvarium. We report a 9-month follow-up of the use of hydroxyapatite cement paste for the reconstruction of postoperative bitemporal hollowing and depressions in cranial contour in a 4.5-year-old boy. This is the first case of which we are aware that reports the use of hydroxyapatite cement paste for craniofacial augmentation in a growing child. Longitudinal follow-up of this patient will help to determine the long-term outcome of hydroxyapatite cement paste in this setting.