Pathobiology of osteoarthritis: Pathomechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

被引:62
作者
Roach, H. I.
Aigner, T.
Soder, S.
Haag, J.
Welkerling, H.
机构
[1] Univ Leipzig, Inst Pathol, D-04301 Leipzig, Germany
[2] Univ Southampton, Bone & Joint Res Grp, Div Dev Origins Hlth & Dis, Southampton, Hants, England
[3] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Orthoped, Erlangen, Germany
关键词
apoptosis; osteoarthritis; cartilage; therapy; chondrocytes;
D O I
10.2174/138945007779940160
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, is the most disabling condition of the Western world. It affects first and foremost the articular cartilages and leads to a molecular and supramolecular destruction of the extracellular cartilage matrix. In addition, the cells, the chondrocytes, show severe alterations of their phenotype: they get anabolically and catabolically activated, change accordingly their gene expression pattern, lose their differentiated phenotype, and undergo focally cell death and cell degeneration. All these processes represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention and drug development. Apart from the cartilage itself, however, other joint tissues are also involved in the disease: thus, the synovial capsule and membrane as well as the subchondral bone account not only for most of the symptoms of the disease, but are also presumably involved in the progression of the degenerative process. Both, inflammation and stiffening within the joint capsule accelerate joint destruction. Stiffening of the subchondral bone increases the mechanical stress over the overlying cartilage during physiological movement. Altogether, there is a plethora of tissues, disease processes and targets for treating osteoarthritic joint degeneration, which will need to be followed up systematically in the future.
引用
收藏
页码:271 / 282
页数:12
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